Rating Fighters (Full Version)

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Q-Ball -> Rating Fighters (3/24/2005 9:25:25 PM)

In the same way an AA rating was developed for surface ships, I would love a kind of rating system developed for fighters. I have a tough time comparing fighters and the Maneuver, Durability, Gun, and Speed to determine what really the better dogfighter is. I know Corsairs are better than Nates, but how much better is a Zero vs. a P-40? A Buffalo vs. a Nate? You get the picture. Maybe bombers too, that would probably rate Bomb Load high, durability, and gun value. I think range would be separarte from that rating, because it doesn't impact combat performance. Ratings would be independent of pilot quality, bonuses, etc. Just comparing the machine.

Any thoughts? Has anyone taken a stab at that?




Feinder -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/24/2005 10:22:34 PM)

There's a xls spreadsheet called "WitPAircraft.Xls" at Spooky's site that you can download. It's fairly interesting. It has a list of all the aircraft in WitP. And on the 1st page, you set a percentage value to each of the attributes

For Air-to-Air (Speed, Maneuver, Durability, Guns).
For Bombing (Speed, Load, Durability, Guns, Range).

It then assigns a "Air-to-Air Score" and a "Bomber Score" to each aircraft, based on the weight that you assigned to each attribute.

It can give you some approximate side-by-side numbers to look at.

Not sure of the exact link at Spooky's for the spreadsheet tho. But it's somewhat useful.

-F-




Q-Ball -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/24/2005 10:42:30 PM)

Very interesting, the ratings surprised me a bit. Quick poll: Do these seem right to you?

P-38 67%
P-40E 60% (Superior to all forms of ZERO)
Ki-44 TOJO 60%
F4F 58%
A6m3 Zero 54%
A6m2 Zero 52%
F2A-Buffalo 52%

So, by that system the Buffalo is equal to the Zero, and the P-40 superior. Now, this doesn't account for the early war Zero bonus which is why Zeros shoot down Buffalos in droves early on (plus the differences in Pilot Rating). But does this seem right over all? I will say I think P-40's can hold there own if the pilots are decent.




Gen.Hoepner -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/24/2005 11:10:06 PM)

And where are my beloved tonies????




KPAX -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 12:04:38 AM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: Q-Ball

Very interesting, the ratings surprised me a bit. Quick poll: Do these seem right to you?

P-38 67%
P-40E 60% (Superior to all forms of ZERO)
Ki-44 TOJO 60%
F4F 58%
A6m3 Zero 54%
A6m2 Zero 52%
F2A-Buffalo 52%

So, by that system the Buffalo is equal to the Zero, and the P-40 superior. Now, this doesn't account for the early war Zero bonus which is why Zeros shoot down Buffalos in droves early on (plus the differences in Pilot Rating). But does this seem right over all? I will say I think P-40's can hold there own if the pilots are decent.



I would tend to agree with this overall. However, IMHO the most important item for dogfights is the XP of the pilots. I would take a great XP pilot fliying a Nate over a poor XP pilot flying a P-38




foliveti -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 1:14:56 AM)

quote:

So, by that system the Buffalo is equal to the Zero, and the P-40 superior. Now, this doesn't account for the early war Zero bonus which is why Zeros shoot down Buffalos in droves early on (plus the differences in Pilot Rating). But does this seem right over all? I will say I think P-40's can hold there own if the pilots are decent.


I am finding my P-40's being mauled over PM by Zeroes in May of 1942. My guys experience are in the 58-59 kind of range. Have no idea of the zeroes based nearby are. So I am somewhat surprised that they rank as even up. It could be a big experience differential. The zero bonus should be gone by the end of April so that should not be it.

Other than training which can only get you into the high 50s is there another way to improve experience before sending the lambs to the slaughter?




ChezDaJez -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 2:13:22 AM)

There is no comparison between the F2A and the A6M. Any pilot worth a salt knows which plane would win. The A6M Zeros tore through every P-40 squadron they ever came across. The AVG never engaged A6Ms in combat so no comparison can be made there. Navy Wildcats barely held there own against the Zero. They did so because they learned that if they didn't have a height advantage, it would be suicide to engage.

The problem with this rating is that it depends on how the aircraft is being used and over-emphasizes durability as a primary indicator of combat effectiveness. Early in the war, the Allies tried to dogfight the Japanese aircraft using the tactics being used in Europe, that is a turning dogfight. The Japanese aircraft Nate, Oscar, and Zero were all far more manueverable at dogfighting speeds (<250kts) than were their Allied counterparts. Any Allied pilot attempting to stay with one of these aircraft in a turn was toast. Even the vaunted Spitfire came out second best time after time against the Zero.

The AVG learned to use boom and zoom tactics very successfully, especially when Japanese fighters were tied to bomber escort. While the AVG never encountered the A6M in combat (most of their kills were Nates and Sallys), they did occasionally encounter the Oscar but did had a much lower success rate over it than the Nate (though it was still 3.5:1).

Navy fighters learned to use the Thatch Weave to help reduce their vulnerability. Even after the P-38 came along, Japanese pilots had more than a 2:1 kill ratio against until the P-38s started using the boom and zoom. Once they did that, the kill ratio very quickly reversed itself. The F6F and the Corsair were the first aircraft that could do well against the Zeros in a horizontal plane plus they had higher top speeds.

Pilot experience is also a major factor. The best plane in the hands of an inexperienced pilot will not normally succeed against an average plane in the hands of an experienced pilot. But the biggest key was to fight using your plane's strengths and not allow the enemy to use his. Once They learned that the Zero couldn't turn very well above 300kts nor could it dive at speeds greater than 350kts, U.S. pilots began having great success against it in combat.

Chez




Onime No Kyo -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 2:17:27 AM)

I thought pilots were worth their wings, not their salt. [:D]

Other than that, I agree completely. Allied fighters didnt dogfight, they zoomed through enemy formations and then ran like hell for the deck or for altitude.




ChezDaJez -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 4:43:29 AM)

quote:

I thought pilots were worth their wings, not their salt.



We'll make that salty wings, I'm retired Navy.

Chez




Onime No Kyo -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 5:07:38 AM)

Mmmmm....Buffalo Wings. Wait, what were we talking about?




Mike Scholl -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 5:45:59 AM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

There is no comparison between the F2A and the A6M. Any pilot worth a salt knows which plane would win. The A6M Zeros tore through every P-40 squadron they ever came across. The AVG never engaged A6Ms in combat so no comparison can be made there. Navy Wildcats barely held there own against the Zero. They did so because they learned that if they didn't have a height advantage, it would be suicide to engage.

The problem with this rating is that it depends on how the aircraft is being used and over-emphasizes durability as a primary indicator of combat effectiveness. Early in the war, the Allies tried to dogfight the Japanese aircraft using the tactics being used in Europe, that is a turning dogfight. The Japanese aircraft Nate, Oscar, and Zero were all far more manueverable at dogfighting speeds (<250kts) than were their Allied counterparts. Any Allied pilot attempting to stay with one of these aircraft in a turn was toast. Even the vaunted Spitfire came out second best time after time against the Zero.

The AVG learned to use boom and zoom tactics very successfully, especially when Japanese fighters were tied to bomber escort. While the AVG never encountered the A6M in combat (most of their kills were Nates and Sallys), they did occasionally encounter the Oscar but did had a much lower success rate over it than the Nate (though it was still 3.5:1).

Navy fighters learned to use the Thatch Weave to help reduce their vulnerability. Even after the P-38 came along, Japanese pilots had more than a 2:1 kill ratio against until the P-38s started using the boom and zoom. Once they did that, the kill ratio very quickly reversed itself. The F6F and the Corsair were the first aircraft that could do well against the Zeros in a horizontal plane plus they had higher top speeds.

Pilot experience is also a major factor. The best plane in the hands of an inexperienced pilot will not normally succeed against an average plane in the hands of an experienced pilot. But the biggest key was to fight using your plane's strengths and not allow the enemy to use his. Once They learned that the Zero couldn't turn very well above 300kts nor could it dive at speeds greater than 350kts, U.S. pilots began having great success against it in combat.

Chez


So it more or less boils down to tactics and skill. If you want to dog-fight, the light and agile Zeroes and Oscars will have
an advantage against the heavier and more durable Allied planes. Throw in an advantage in pilot skill at War's start and
the fact that most Allied pilots started the war willing to try to dog-fight, and the Japanese do quite well. As soon as the
"word" began to get out that getting into a tail-chasing contest with a Japanese fighter was a losing proposition, tactics
began to change. Once Allied tactics began to change to emphasize speed and firepower and vertical combat the Japs
started losing their advantage. Same aircraft, different tactics.

What hurt the Japanese was when the tactics changed, they didn't have the A/C to be competative in the new style. They
tried to catch up with more "Allied-style" fighters like the Tony as the war went on, but were usually a generation behind
until the very end, when their production let them down. Couple this with a very inadequate (numbers-wise) pilot training
program, and they were caught in a downward spiral they couldn't recover from. As long as the game is basically true
to this overall situation, it is adequate. The gradual decline in the pilot skill differential can be used to represent the shift
in tactics. It's not perfect, but it will work as long as the advantages aren't built into the aircraft models. If a fight
between a Zero and a Wildcat with equal pilots is a fairly equal proposition (say 55% to 45% success rate). Same with a
P-40 vs and Oscar, etc. When Allied skill levels start exceeding the Japs, and F6F's and P-38's come into play, then things
get ugly for the Japanese.




Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 8:05:42 AM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: Q-Ball

Very interesting, the ratings surprised me a bit. Quick poll: Do these seem right to you?

P-38 67%
P-40E 60% (Superior to all forms of ZERO)
Ki-44 TOJO 60%
F4F 58%
A6m3 Zero 54%
A6m2 Zero 52%
F2A-Buffalo 52%

So, by that system the Buffalo is equal to the Zero, and the P-40 superior. Now, this doesn't account for the early war Zero bonus which is why Zeros shoot down Buffalos in droves early on (plus the differences in Pilot Rating). But does this seem right over all? I will say I think P-40's can hold there own if the pilots are decent.


P-40s most surely did hold their own versus Zeros when the pilots driving them understood the best way to fight Zeros with P-40s. Witness the results of the AVG. (And in that case many of those pilots were not necessarily "good" coming into China, but they were very well prepared indeed by Chennault for combat with the Zero.)





ChezDaJez -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 8:32:12 AM)

quote:

P-40s most surely did hold their own versus Zeros when the pilots driving them understood the best way to fight Zeros with P-40s. Witness the results of the AVG. (And in that case many of those pilots were not necessarily "good" coming into China, but they were very well prepared indeed by Chennault for combat with the Zero.)


Sorry, Tris, the AVG never met the Zero in combat. I know that blowhard, Eric Schilling begs to differ, but seeing as how he never even had a full kill (.75) I doubt he can be credited as an "expert" especially when Tex Hill in his writings directly contradicts him. Check out the kills Tex Hill and all the other AVG aces had. Not one Zero to be found. That's because China and Burma were pretty much an IJ Army affair. Nearly all were Nates and Sallys. Here's a detailed listing of the kills by each of the top 15 AVG pilots:

http://www.warbirdforum.com/avgaces.htm

Note: The Hayabusa is the Ki-43 IIb Oscar

Chez




AmiralLaurent -> PBEM Loss numbers (3/25/2005 8:45:16 AM)

This is a PBEM between 2 experienced players. China has seen no air battle and there has been no CV battle yet. And I have not attacked any base where I know the AVG was flying CAP. American volunterrs have so far only shot down some recon planes.
On the remaining areas, Japanese airmen are always overwhelming opposition with numbers then changing area. Offensive missions (escorts and sweeps (latter scarcely used)) are always flown with at least two Datais/Sentais that were "rested" (fly CAP only) the day before.

Date is now 18th January 1942

A6M2 Zero is the main Japanese fighter and is used everywhere to break the Allied airforce.

Overall Zero score: 253 victories for 11 air-to-air losses

vs Brewster 339: 34 victories for 1 loss
vs Buffalo: 25 victories for 2 losses
vs F4F-3: 3 victories
vs Hurricane II: 10 victories
vs P-26A: 6 victories
vs P-35A: 7 victories
vs P-36A: 3 victories
vs P-40B: 20 victories for 1 loss
vs P-40E: 48 victories for 4 losses
vs Wirraway: 12 victories
vs non-fighters: 85 victories for 3 losses (aginst B-17Cs, 15 shot down)

Ki-27 Nate almost always flies defensive mission over airfields or short range LRCAP away from Allied bases. They are used for escorts where no Allied fighter are excepted or with several units of better fighters.

Overall Nate score: 58 victories for 13 air-to-air losses

vs Buffalo: 36 victories for 8 losses
vs Hurricane II: 4 victories for 2 losses
vs P-40E: 2 victoires for 3 losses
vs non-fighters: 16 victories

Ki-43-Ia Oscar is used as the "Army Zero". The two Sentais fly together in Malaya since the start of the war and have been used against Singapore airmen. Only one Zero Daitai is used in Malaya.

Overall Oscar I score: 54 victories vs 14 air-to-air losses

vs Buffalo: 22 victories for 5 losses
vs Hurricane II: 13 victories for 8 losses
vs non-fighters: 19 victories for 1 loss (against a Blenheim IV)

Ki-44 Tojo and A5M Claude have never engaged enemy planes.




Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 11:37:48 AM)

quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

There is no comparison between the F2A and the A6M. Any pilot worth a salt knows which plane would win. The A6M Zeros tore through every P-40 squadron they ever came across. The AVG never engaged A6Ms in combat so no comparison can be made there. Navy Wildcats barely held there own against the Zero. They did so because they learned that if they didn't have a height advantage, it would be suicide to engage.

The problem with this rating is that it depends on how the aircraft is being used and over-emphasizes durability as a primary indicator of combat effectiveness. Early in the war, the Allies tried to dogfight the Japanese aircraft using the tactics being used in Europe, that is a turning dogfight. The Japanese aircraft Nate, Oscar, and Zero were all far more manueverable at dogfighting speeds (<250kts) than were their Allied counterparts. Any Allied pilot attempting to stay with one of these aircraft in a turn was toast. Even the vaunted Spitfire came out second best time after time against the Zero.

The AVG learned to use boom and zoom tactics very successfully, especially when Japanese fighters were tied to bomber escort. While the AVG never encountered the A6M in combat (most of their kills were Nates and Sallys), they did occasionally encounter the Oscar but did had a much lower success rate over it than the Nate (though it was still 3.5:1).


Of course I wasn't there, but I did send you this link once re P-40s in combat versus the Zero: http://www.airartnw.com/fightingtigers.htm

There are others. For example: http://www.flyingtigersavg.com/tiger2.htm

J. Richard Rossi was a flying Tiger, by the way, and was credited with six kills: http://www.warbirdforum.com/vics.htm

I don't know what the truth is. I wasn't there. But the jury seems to be out on this one.

If you've the interest, here's a fairly detailed (three pages) account of his action with the AVG, as written by Rossi: http://home.att.net/~C.C.Jordan/Rossi-AVG.html

As for durability of an aircraft: it tends to keep a plane in the fight. It's a good thing if your gas tanks up there aren't exploding every few seconds, if the armored cockpits shield your pilots from 7.7mm rounds (there were instances where the plexiglas shielded Navy pilots from 20mm shots), etc. Whether this factors into "combat effectiveness" or merely "survivability" seems to split hairs, and as I don't know exactly how Gary is working this stuff out mathematically it's a moot point here.

quote:

Navy fighters learned to use the Thatch Weave to help reduce their vulnerability. Even after the P-38 came along, Japanese pilots had more than a 2:1 kill ratio against until the P-38s started using the boom and zoom. Once they did that, the kill ratio very quickly reversed itself. The F6F and the Corsair were the first aircraft that could do well against the Zeros in a horizontal plane plus they had higher top speeds.


Make that "Thach." [;)]

quote:

Pilot experience is also a major factor. The best plane in the hands of an inexperienced pilot will not normally succeed against an average plane in the hands of an experienced pilot. But the biggest key was to fight using your plane's strengths and not allow the enemy to use his. Once They learned that the Zero couldn't turn very well above 300kts nor could it dive at speeds greater than 350kts, U.S. pilots began having great success against it in combat.

Chez


Agreed.




Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 12:03:50 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

quote:

P-40s most surely did hold their own versus Zeros when the pilots driving them understood the best way to fight Zeros with P-40s. Witness the results of the AVG. (And in that case many of those pilots were not necessarily "good" coming into China, but they were very well prepared indeed by Chennault for combat with the Zero.)


Sorry, Tris, the AVG never met the Zero in combat. I know that blowhard, Eric Schilling begs to differ, but seeing as how he never even had a full kill (.75) I doubt he can be credited as an "expert" especially when Tex Hill in his writings directly contradicts him. Check out the kills Tex Hill and all the other AVG aces had. Not one Zero to be found. That's because China and Burma were pretty much an IJ Army affair. Nearly all were Nates and Sallys. Here's a detailed listing of the kills by each of the top 15 AVG pilots:

http://www.warbirdforum.com/avgaces.htm

Note: The Hayabusa is the Ki-43 IIb Oscar

Chez


Well, it's kind of a case of yes he did, no he didn't. As for Erik Shilling, why would you believe Hill before Shilling? What about Rossi? He was an AVG ace with six kills.

I've been to that link you provided. Like I said, the jury seems to be out. I have no special stake in this one way or the other, and whether the P-40 was just up against Nates and the occasional Oscar doesn't really disprove a thing re the quality of the P-40 when driven by a well-trained pilot. The argument has been made over and over again that the Navy Wildcats weren't any good, either, and yet they did better than 1:1 versus . . . Zeros, and until after Midway some of those fights were against the best pilots Japan possessed.

You've said yourself, and I agree, that an average pilot in a superior plane might not do very well against a superior pilot in an inferior aircraft. Well, all I'm saying is that the AVG/Navy pilots/eventually Marines and Army pilots were "superior" to their Japanese counterparts, not because they could fly better but because they did fly smarter.And so whether the P-40s of the AVG ever met the Zero or no is immaterial to that argument.

I only want to relate this to the game, anyhow, and try to make sense of the model one way or the other. Again, I have no ax to grind here.







Tristanjohn -> RE: PBEM Loss numbers (3/25/2005 12:07:07 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: AmiralLaurent

This is a PBEM between 2 experienced players. China has seen no air battle and there has been no CV battle yet. And I have not attacked any base where I know the AVG was flying CAP. American volunterrs have so far only shot down some recon planes.
On the remaining areas, Japanese airmen are always overwhelming opposition with numbers then changing area. Offensive missions (escorts and sweeps (latter scarcely used)) are always flown with at least two Datais/Sentais that were "rested" (fly CAP only) the day before.

Date is now 18th January 1942

A6M2 Zero is the main Japanese fighter and is used everywhere to break the Allied airforce.

Overall Zero score: 253 victories for 11 air-to-air losses

vs Brewster 339: 34 victories for 1 loss
vs Buffalo: 25 victories for 2 losses
vs F4F-3: 3 victories
vs Hurricane II: 10 victories
vs P-26A: 6 victories
vs P-35A: 7 victories
vs P-36A: 3 victories
vs P-40B: 20 victories for 1 loss
vs P-40E: 48 victories for 4 losses
vs Wirraway: 12 victories
vs non-fighters: 85 victories for 3 losses (aginst B-17Cs, 15 shot down)

Ki-27 Nate almost always flies defensive mission over airfields or short range LRCAP away from Allied bases. They are used for escorts where no Allied fighter are excepted or with several units of better fighters.

Overall Nate score: 58 victories for 13 air-to-air losses

vs Buffalo: 36 victories for 8 losses
vs Hurricane II: 4 victories for 2 losses
vs P-40E: 2 victoires for 3 losses
vs non-fighters: 16 victories

Ki-43-Ia Oscar is used as the "Army Zero". The two Sentais fly together in Malaya since the start of the war and have been used against Singapore airmen. Only one Zero Daitai is used in Malaya.

Overall Oscar I score: 54 victories vs 14 air-to-air losses

vs Buffalo: 22 victories for 5 losses
vs Hurricane II: 13 victories for 8 losses
vs non-fighters: 19 victories for 1 loss (against a Blenheim IV)

Ki-44 Tojo and A5M Claude have never engaged enemy planes.


Chez and I haven't had that result in our game. P-40s have held their own. And then some. In fact, Chez wonders where his Zero bonus was hiding . . . before it evaporated completely last turn! [:D]





Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 12:13:22 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: Mike Scholl


quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

There is no comparison between the F2A and the A6M. Any pilot worth a salt knows which plane would win. The A6M Zeros tore through every P-40 squadron they ever came across. The AVG never engaged A6Ms in combat so no comparison can be made there. Navy Wildcats barely held there own against the Zero. They did so because they learned that if they didn't have a height advantage, it would be suicide to engage.

The problem with this rating is that it depends on how the aircraft is being used and over-emphasizes durability as a primary indicator of combat effectiveness. Early in the war, the Allies tried to dogfight the Japanese aircraft using the tactics being used in Europe, that is a turning dogfight. The Japanese aircraft Nate, Oscar, and Zero were all far more manueverable at dogfighting speeds (<250kts) than were their Allied counterparts. Any Allied pilot attempting to stay with one of these aircraft in a turn was toast. Even the vaunted Spitfire came out second best time after time against the Zero.

The AVG learned to use boom and zoom tactics very successfully, especially when Japanese fighters were tied to bomber escort. While the AVG never encountered the A6M in combat (most of their kills were Nates and Sallys), they did occasionally encounter the Oscar but did had a much lower success rate over it than the Nate (though it was still 3.5:1).

Navy fighters learned to use the Thatch Weave to help reduce their vulnerability. Even after the P-38 came along, Japanese pilots had more than a 2:1 kill ratio against until the P-38s started using the boom and zoom. Once they did that, the kill ratio very quickly reversed itself. The F6F and the Corsair were the first aircraft that could do well against the Zeros in a horizontal plane plus they had higher top speeds.

Pilot experience is also a major factor. The best plane in the hands of an inexperienced pilot will not normally succeed against an average plane in the hands of an experienced pilot. But the biggest key was to fight using your plane's strengths and not allow the enemy to use his. Once They learned that the Zero couldn't turn very well above 300kts nor could it dive at speeds greater than 350kts, U.S. pilots began having great success against it in combat.

Chez


So it more or less boils down to tactics and skill. If you want to dog-fight, the light and agile Zeroes and Oscars will have
an advantage against the heavier and more durable Allied planes. Throw in an advantage in pilot skill at War's start and
the fact that most Allied pilots started the war willing to try to dog-fight, and the Japanese do quite well. As soon as the
"word" began to get out that getting into a tail-chasing contest with a Japanese fighter was a losing proposition, tactics
began to change. Once Allied tactics began to change to emphasize speed and firepower and vertical combat the Japs
started losing their advantage. Same aircraft, different tactics.

What hurt the Japanese was when the tactics changed, they didn't have the A/C to be competative in the new style. They
tried to catch up with more "Allied-style" fighters like the Tony as the war went on, but were usually a generation behind
until the very end, when their production let them down. Couple this with a very inadequate (numbers-wise) pilot training
program, and they were caught in a downward spiral they couldn't recover from. As long as the game is basically true
to this overall situation, it is adequate. The gradual decline in the pilot skill differential can be used to represent the shift
in tactics. It's not perfect, but it will work as long as the advantages aren't built into the aircraft models. If a fight
between a Zero and a Wildcat with equal pilots is a fairly equal proposition (say 55% to 45% success rate). Same with a
P-40 vs and Oscar, etc. When Allied skill levels start exceeding the Japs, and F6F's and P-38's come into play, then things
get ugly for the Japanese.



Where the model fails overall is in its inadequacy to represent the parallel thought processes of real life versus the serial representation of the game re the "word of mouth" you mention vis-a-vis a shift in pilot tactics. And any model that has the Zero shooting down the Wildcat 55:45 [X(] is just plain broken.







ChezDaJez -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 12:40:56 PM)

quote:

Of course I wasn't there, but I did send you this link once re P-40s in combat versus the Zero: http://www.airartnw.com/fightingtigers.htm


Look closely at the painting. Those are Ki-43 Oscars (note the long thin tail). The problem was that the Brits and AVG tended to call any retractable gear Japanese fighter a "Zero." Also, in the writing, he mentions Nakajima fighters, again referring to the Ki-27 Nate.

quote:

If you've the interest, here's a fairly detailed (three pages) account of his action with the AVG, as written by Rossi: http://home.att.net/~C.C.Jordan/Rossi-AVG.html


The report is interesting and confirms that they were flying against Ki-27 Nates. There are 2 pictures of them, one has crashed and one appears to be a propaganda photo. On 21 Mar 42 he writes:
Quote:
"The pilots who did make contact said the Japanese planes were all faster than those they had met before; no fixed gear fighters either. Ken Jernstedt was shot down but only slightly injured. It was one of our worst engagements..." Unquote. On 8 April he also says that they met Zekes, which he says were similar to Zeros. That indicates to me that they were not Zeros and he misidentified Oscars as Zekes. Under the OOB link below, you'll find that the 64th Sentai, commanded by Col. Kako, led the mission that Rossi refers to on 8 April. The 64th Sentai flew the Ki-43 Oscar.

Here are a couple of interesting reads; one concerning "claimed" kills and one has the Japanese squadrons the AVG flew against (All IJA air units equipped with Nates and Oscars.

"Claims:" http://www.warbirdforum.com/loss.htm
IJA OOB: http://www.warbirdforum.com/hinoki.htm

Your link: http://www.warbirdforum.com/vics.htm) doesn't work.

Again, Triston, the AVG never met any A6Ms in combat, nor did the 23rd Ftr squadron that replaced the AVG. The only fighters they met were army fighters, mostly Ki-27 Nates and Ki-43 Oscars.

You really should read the entire warbird forum concerning the AVG at: http://www.warbirdforum.com/avg.htm
It is extremely well researched, detailed with names, places and dates of the Japanese, British and American flyers that took part in the air battles over the CBI. No where does it mention the A6M in that theater.

I did find it interesting that Erik Shilling never engaged a single Japanese fighter in the air during his entire flying career, in or out of the Flying Tigers, yet he claimed to be an expert on dogfighting Japanese aircraft. The only time he ever fired his guns was when his flight intercepted a Jap bomber and shot it down. He was credited with 3/4 of the kill. The only fighter-to-fighter combat he ever saw was a mock dogfight against a British Brewster Buffalo.

Chez




Feinder -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 3:29:32 PM)

The spreadsheet does -not- take into account the "zero bonus". Early war, you're going to have much higher kill ratios of "Zero vs. "

The settings that I have are :

Air-to-Air (speed is the primary winner of an a-t-a engagement)
Speed : 50%
Maneuver : 35%
Durability : 10%
Guns : 5%
(I'm disappointed that range isn't in this catagory also, because I -love- the Buffalos, they're mediocre fighters, but their range is excellent).

Bombing (I figure I want payload on a distant target, my bombers aren't going to outrun anything).
Speed : 0%
Load : 40%
Durability : 10%
Guns : 0%
Range : 50%

These forumulas allow me to derive these ratings:
A6M2 Zero = 64
Ki-43 Oscar = 62
Ki-27 Nate = 54
P-40B Tomahawk = 66
P-40E Warhawk = 68
F-4F3 Wildcat = 63
F4-F4 Wildcat = 64
Buffalo I (UK) = 55
Hurricane II (UK) = 64

Again, this does not take into account the Zero bonus, or the fact that 1-on-1, most Japanese pilots will have an exp rating of about 70 vs. 60 of their Allied counterparts. Exp is the single most important attribute in a-t-a combat (and in WitP). However, because it can vary widely, it can't be accounted for. And as I said, I personally put a lot of emphasis on range. The Hurricane II is a fair fighter, but it's range sucks, so it's relegated to point-defense duties.


*** And don't be so fast to nit-pick a point or two. I think my percentage roughly pair correctly. I do think that in the example earlier (where the Zero was 54, and the P-40 was 60, that might be a bit much). But my percentages give what, in my opinion, is a fair representation of the situation at large. Remember, you're also trying to closely represent the algorithm in WitP here, this is one time where historical anectdotes mean nothing. You're trying to simulate relative pairings for WitP.




AmiralLaurent -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 4:26:04 PM)


Feinder, 5% for guns is very low IMOO. The Nates are scrap because of their lack of firepower. They will only damage 4 of 5 planes they hit (not even couting B-17) while Zeroes will destroy 4 of 5. While Nates hit by an Allied fighter will be destroyed at least 9 times on 10.

The only way to have success with Nates is to use them in big numbers and overwhelm the enemy so the same Allied plane may be attacked by several planes and destroyed after several hits. And also use them in defence, so damaged planes have a greater chance to crash during the return flight.





Feinder -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 5:38:03 PM)

Yeah, I kinda wanted guns to have a little more "ooph" in the calculation. And that's certailnly the joy of being able to put in your own percentages. My reasoning behind having guns the weakest element is because -

1. Speed is life.
2. Maneuver gets you into position, if speed isn't working for you.
3. Durability might limit you to having a really bad day, instead of fatal day.
4. Guns are worthless if you're not in position to use them, and if you -are- in position, a kill is (nearly) a forgone conclusion (assuming you're not trying to shoot down a tank).

The kick is that many of the Japanese planes are -very- undergunned (quite historical actually, guns/ammo are heavy and heavy takes away fuel allowance, which Japan loved). If you increase guns much more, the US planes jump in in the ratings (esp dogs like the P-39). I don't like the jump, because it misrepresents the effectiveness of the Japanese fighters. We've all had the dubvious experience of Japanese fighters slaughtering Allied fighters, despite the fact that they're undergunned. So again, I'm trying to simulate the fact that a big gun does you know good, if you can't gain an advantagous position to use it.

It's your example with Nates/Zeros that I value durability more than guns, because it makes a BIG difference that many of the Japanese planes have only 7mm MGs, which will -never- penetrate the 1 armor of many of the Allied planes (which results in more damages, and fewer kills vs. AC with even 1 armor). On the flip-side however, if an allied plane hits a Japanese fighter, it doesn't matter if it's with 4x 3cals or 8x 50cals, the Japanese fighter is going down one way or another because of the lack of armor (but in the latter case, the plane with 8x 50cals would have a -much- higher rating, due to the excessive guns, when in fact it doesn't matter much, because Zero will die anyways).

Also remember that I'm also trying to simulate the weights of the rating as they are applied in WitP. For once, I don't care about the historical anecdote. I want to see how my planes are matching up to their theater counterparts, and if I should relocate some squadrons, as they appear in WitP.

** And a note to "be wary of the obvious, that might not be so obvious", if you up the guns too much, your bombers become great AtA platforms, because they -do- have a lot of guns. But again, they can't bring them all to bear at once (even in WitP simulated combat). Still, many of the heavy bombers -do- make great AtA platforms, so do as you wish!

Natrually, with the tool on the first page (it's easily missed), you can simply adjust the ratings as -YOU- see appropriate. If guns are important to you, then so be it. I value range more than payload for my bombers, and don't give a crap about speed, and durability is only marginal for me. But maybe payload is your thing. Up payload, and lower range if that's important to you, and you get very different results.

-F-




AmiralLaurent -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 6:36:48 PM)


I'm used to see Zeroes slaughtering Allied fighters, and Zeroes have a firepower of 12, that is pretty good for 41-42. Oscars and Nates are not so brillant.

I personnaly won't divide the aircraft between fighters and bombers but give to each aircraft type a precise role, that it will be restricted.

Fighters are divided between:

_ bombers escorts: range, speed and manoeuvaribilty are the most important things. The first goal is to engage enemy defending fighters and protect the bombers, shooting them down is a bonus, so firepower will arrive later. Planes only hit may crash during return so durability is not so important.

_ bomber destroyers: used in rear areas where enemy escorts can't arrive. Firepower and then durability are what matters. They will always fly fast enough to catch bombers.

_ interceptors: used to defend bases in range of enemy fighters. Range doesn't matter and other points are useful but this category is made of fighters not able to fit in the two above.




Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 8:36:29 PM)

quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

quote:

Of course I wasn't there, but I did send you this link once re P-40s in combat versus the Zero: http://www.airartnw.com/fightingtigers.htm


Look closely at the painting. Those are Ki-43 Oscars (note the long thin tail). The problem was that the Brits and AVG tended to call any retractable gear Japanese fighter a "Zero." Also, in the writing, he mentions Nakajima fighters, again referring to the Ki-27 Nate.


I didn't and don't care too much about the painting, only the reference. It could be that Rossi is full of it, merely confused. For the sake of my stake in this argument it hardly matters, as my only interest here is whether or not the game model has it correct, or nearly or reasonably so. (I enjoy being being devil's advocate, I guess. [:)])

quote:

If you've the interest, here's a fairly detailed (three pages) account of his action with the AVG, as written by Rossi: http://home.att.net/~C.C.Jordan/Rossi-AVG.html


quote:

The report is interesting and confirms that they were flying against Ki-27 Nates. There are 2 pictures of them, one has crashed and one appears to be a propaganda photo. On 21 Mar 42 he writes:
Quote:
"The pilots who did make contact said the Japanese planes were all faster than those they had met before; no fixed gear fighters either. Ken Jernstedt was shot down but only slightly injured. It was one of our worst engagements..." Unquote. On 8 April he also says that they met Zekes, which he says were similar to Zeros. That indicates to me that they were not Zeros and he misidentified Oscars as Zekes. Under the OOB link below, you'll find that the 64th Sentai, commanded by Col. Kako, led the mission that Rossi refers to on 8 April. The 64th Sentai flew the Ki-43 Oscar.


Again, I've read all that. Afterall, I directed you to it.

quote:

Here are a couple of interesting reads; one concerning "claimed" kills and one has the Japanese squadrons the AVG flew against (All IJA air units equipped with Nates and Oscars.

"Claims:" http://www.warbirdforum.com/loss.htm
IJA OOB: http://www.warbirdforum.com/hinoki.htm


I will look ASAP.

quote:

Your link: http://www.warbirdforum.com/vics.htm) doesn't work.


Try this, then: http://www.warbirdforum.com/vics.htm

Same link, and it works when I try it in PREVIEW mode.

Here's the main link, same AVG site: http://www.warbirdforum.com/avg.htm It's the fourth link on that page up from the bottom, listed as Flying Tiger victory credits, air and ground

quote:

Again, Triston, the AVG never met any A6Ms in combat, nor did the 23rd Ftr squadron that replaced the AVG. The only fighters they met were army fighters, mostly Ki-27 Nates and Ki-43 Oscars.

You really should read the entire warbird forum concerning the AVG at: http://www.warbirdforum.com/avg.htm
It is extremely well researched, detailed with names, places and dates of the Japanese, British and American flyers that took part in the air battles over the CBI. No where does it mention the A6M in that theater.


I've read a number of debates on the forums over the years re just that topic. I realize that the man who runs that site does not believe the AVG ever met the Zero, only some of the pilots make references to it. In fact within the last year I watched a program on television re the AVG and one of the pilots who was still alive at that time made reference to confronting the Zero. (I know know, hardly conclusive, and afterall it's only TV.)

But again. All this talk about the Zero, Steve, is getting us nowhere. The argument from my point of view is whether or not the P-40 might reasonably be construed by the game model to be on a par with the Zero in terms of overall performance. I say that it might well be so construed when we throw in combat doctrine, pilot discipline and the like, all of which I feel are valid factors.

Think about this. Gary gives a "maneuver" rating for planes, as if the ability of a plane to "maneuver" might be something absolute when in fact it should not be represented as something absolute but rather something which needs to be qualified according to the circumstance. It's like polling. If you ask bad questions of the sample the poll results will come out skewed. "Was the Zero better at maneuvering than the P-40?" a question might go. Well, it depends on what altitude the planes were at and what air speed we're talking about, right? But Gary never takes that into consideration. At 15,000 feet in a vertical space, diving, with a P-40 pilot who understands the flying dynamics of both his plane and that of the enemy, I'd take the Tomahawk any day. Wouldn't you?

So, the maneuver rating in the game is something unhelpful for the reason it's an all-or-nothing consideration. Worse than meaningless, it only serves to skew the model terribly in play. (Except for your Zeros against my P-40s, of course. [:D])

quote:

I did find it interesting that Erik Shilling never engaged a single Japanese fighter in the air during his entire flying career, in or out of the Flying Tigers, yet he claimed to be an expert on dogfighting Japanese aircraft. The only time he ever fired his guns was when his flight intercepted a Jap bomber and shot it down. He was credited with 3/4 of the kill. The only fighter-to-fighter combat he ever saw was a mock dogfight against a British Brewster Buffalo.


I believe that's fair. Looking over it from afar it would appear that Shilling's memory made much more of his own experience than was actually there at the time. I don't want to demean a man who was a veteran, but it does seem to look that way to a casual observer this far down the road.





Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 8:59:25 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: Feinder
Again, this does not take into account the Zero bonus, or the fact that 1-on-1, most Japanese pilots will have an exp rating of about 70 vs. 60 of their Allied counterparts. Exp is the single most important attribute in a-t-a combat (and in WitP). However, because it can vary widely, it can't be accounted for. And as I said, I personally put a lot of emphasis on range. The Hurricane II is a fair fighter, but it's range sucks, so it's relegated to point-defense duties.


I was with you until you stated that experience is and should be the single most important factor in air engagements.

Let's think about this for a minute.

How does one define "experience"? What "good" is it if it happens to be bad experience? It would be far better to have a rating for tactical doctrine. That, and pilot training within the context of that tactical doctrine, would be entirely more to the point. This is, in fact, the largest reason why Japanese pilots fell behind the combat curve of the Americans so quickly in the war. Their "experience" versus the Chinese and then early Allied pilots of other nationalities taught them lessons which did not stand the test of superior American doctrine down the road. The first example of this is the AVG performance versus the Japanese over a period of some six months. The next example would be that of IJN pilots against USN Wildcat pilots, who had had to learn the same "Chennault" lessons over again. And they did, fast! Unfortunately for the Japanese, their pilots were not so quick to realize what was happening up there in the air. And once they did catch on they further discovered that their planes were ill-suited to at least the BnZ tactics. The thoughts of Thach (and others--he wasn't the only one who contributed) on this subject widened the tactical gap even further. Early result? Wildcats, for all their inherent performance problems, which nobody wants to deny, still killed more Zeros than the other way around. What could be the difference?

Three guesses. [;)]

One of the best sources to go to for this analysis is John Lundstrom and his two "First Team" books. For whatever that's worth.





Feinder -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 9:30:51 PM)

Now you're getting into semantics Trist. [;)]

Yes, everything you are indicating is correct. There are many facets of experience, and how it helps you in most ways, but everybody can have a bad day and forget to check-6 the one time you should. And yes, the Allies had superior techonolgy as the war progressed, and quickly developed superiour tacticts, all which contribute to over-coming an experience advantage of the individual.

I will reitterate for the 3rd time. I'm just using the spreadsheet to create parings in WitP. Historical anecdotes are not relevent to the spread sheet. It is simply a reflection of what I feel is important in how I "grade" my own aircraft. Allied technolgoy is reflected in better speed/maneuver/gun ratings. There is -no- way that WitP accounts for superiour group tactics (except perhaps thru leader ratings, but the Allies aren't being given a specific advantage there).

-F-




crsutton -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 10:38:46 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: ChezDaJez

There is no comparison between the F2A and the A6M. Any pilot worth a salt knows which plane would win. The A6M Zeros tore through every P-40 squadron they ever came across. The AVG never engaged A6Ms in combat so no comparison can be made there. Navy Wildcats barely held there own against the Zero. They did so because they learned that if they didn't have a height advantage, it would be suicide to engage.


Chez


This is a generalization and not a very good one. Early war zero pilots had success against P40s but that was about it. Other than that, P40 had a very decent success rate against zeros. What about the air battles over Darwin where ANZAC P40 pilots did a very credible job of shooting down zeros?

To say the zero was superior is without merit. The zero certainly had advantages-long range and maneuverabilty certainly come to mind. but I can't think of much more. The P40 was just as fast if not slightly faster in level flight, could dive away with ease from the zero and most important had a much better roll rate at high speeds (a much underated asset when comparing maneuvering ability of both planes) Since any turn begins with a roll, a well flown P40 could intially turn faster than a zero and get off a valuable shot inside of the turning zero's arc. When you factor in the far superior firepower and overall structrual soundness of the P40, it comes out looking better.

The zero was a capable aircraft in the hands of a skilled pilot but it was poorly armed (later models are better), had a weak airframe and in the cruical period of the war, had no sealing gas tanks.

Quite frankly, the zero was designed for the past war. Yes, it was trememdously agile but only at mid and low speeds. That is, it was a dogfighter in a era when dogfighting had become all but obsolete. The secret to fighting a zero in a P40 was to keep the speed up. At high speed the zero was a poor performer and turning ability dropped off significantly. At high speeds the p40 could fly rings around it. Once the Allied pilots understood this simple fact, the p40 was more than a match for the zero.

And, I might add, (I have already beat this one to death) that P40s generally had working radios where most zeros had none or had radios that did not work very well. With dogfighting growing obsolete and the greater reliance placed on formation flying, this was a tremendous tactical advantange. It is almost entirely overlooked in this and other forums when discussing the merits of WWII aircraft. Modern aircraft fighting aircraft without radios!

You might as well have equipped the japanes pilots with wooden rifles.

All things considered, perhaps it is only a marginal difference, but the P40 was a better plane. Any pilot worth his salt knows that[;)]




ChezDaJez -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 10:39:31 PM)

quote:

Think about this. Gary gives a "maneuver" rating for planes, as if the ability of a plane to "maneuver" might be something absolute when in fact it should not be represented as something absolute but rather something which needs to be qualified according to the circumstance. It's like polling. If you ask bad questions of the sample the poll results will come out skewed. "Was the Zero better at maneuvering than the P-40?" a question might go. Well, it depends on what altitude the planes were at and what air speed we're talking about, right? But Gary never takes that into consideration. At 15,000 feet in a vertical space, diving, with a P-40 pilot who understands the flying dynamics of both his plane and that of the enemy, I'd take the Tomahawk any day. Wouldn't you?


It also depends on the mission. Aircraft escorting bombers are handicapped whereas the intercepting bombers are more able to select the conditions under which they intercept. AVG pilots to a man all said they refused combat if they couldn't get a height advantage so as to zoom through the bomber formations.

The AVG also had some other very significant advantages over the Japanese that can't be modeled in the game. One was their early warning system. Primitive and crude, it did normally give the AVG 30 minutes or more to get into position. Given the P-40s abysmal rate of climb (20 minutes to 20K feet), it needed all the advance warning it could get so as to intercept. Without this advantage it is unlikely that the AVG would have been as effective. Over Rangoon, where they didn't have an extensive warning net, they had to maintain standing combat patrols. That's hard on planes, pilots and supplies.

The point that I'm trying to make is that the when you look at the types of fighters the AVG encountered, one fact stands clear: the majority of AVG kills came against the Ki-27 Nate, an obsolete, fixed-gear aircraft that was woefully undergunned with only two 7.7mm guns. Over 60% of AVG's CLAIMED kills by their top 15 aces were Nates. The kill ratio here was on the order of somewhere around 20:1. Against the Ki-43 Oscar, the AVG didn't fair as well, claiming only 21 kills total for 3.5:1 kill ratio. The Oscar was also very undergunned having only two 7.7mm guns at the time of the AVG.

The AVG had 18 aircraft shot down. 4 by Nates, 6 by Oscars, 5 by ground fire and 3 by bomber defensive fire. 4 pilots were killed. These totals do not include the large number of P-40s that returned so shot up that they never flew again. When you compare the P-40s durability with the total lack of Japanese firepower, the P-40 pilot had an excellent chance of surviving. But ask yourself, what could two 20mm cannon and two 7.7mm guns do to a P-40? And could it be this increased armament that was the reason Australian and US P-40s in the PI were shot down in large numbers by the A6M2 Zero?

I use the above information in support of my contention that the P-40 is over rated in the game. The game has the P-40B effectiveness against the Oscar pretty close, maybe slightly high: 58% vs 49% because of the Oscar's lack of firepower. Against the Nate's 43%, it is probably correct given how effective the P-40 was against the Nate.

But the game shows the P-40B as being 6 percentage points better then the A6M2 and 1 percentage point better than the A6M5c. This is assinine when you consider that the A6M5c was faster in level flight than the P-40, could dive at 460mph, had armored windshields and pilot armor, self-sealing tanks, automatic fire extinguishers, better armament while maintaining excellent maneuverability. Every disadvantage the Zero had against the P-40 had been addressed while reatining its advantages yet the game still models it worse than the P-40, a fighter that was withdrawn by the USAAF from combat service in October 1942 and used only for photo recon. Does that seem like accurate modeling to you? Even with the max Zero bonus, the P-40 retains a higher rating vs the Zero, something that allied pilots serving in the SRA and Phillipines probably would have disagreed with had they survived.

Chez




Armorer -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 10:44:59 PM)

Unless I'm misunderstanding Feinder's numbers, these are HIS percentages, not the game's. Unfortunately, we have no real idea what weight the game engine assigns the variables that the spreadsheet factors in. If I am misunderstanding, and these are somehow the game's percentages, I'll be very surprised.

Regards,
Randy




Tristanjohn -> RE: Rating Fighters (3/25/2005 11:12:30 PM)


quote:

ORIGINAL: Feinder

Now you're getting into semantics Trist. [;)]

Yes, everything you are indicating is correct. There are many facets of experience, and how it helps you in most ways, but everybody can have a bad day and forget to check-6 the one time you should. And yes, the Allies had superior techonolgy as the war progressed, and quickly developed superiour tacticts, all which contribute to over-coming an experience advantage of the individual.

I will reitterate for the 3rd time. I'm just using the spreadsheet to create parings in WitP. Historical anecdotes are not relevent to the spread sheet. It is simply a reflection of what I feel is important in how I "grade" my own aircraft. Allied technolgoy is reflected in better speed/maneuver/gun ratings. There is -no- way that WitP accounts for superiour group tactics (except perhaps thru leader ratings, but the Allies aren't being given a specific advantage there).

-F-


It's hardly "semantics," and what's actually important in the game is how Gary co-relates the various ratings for aircraft and pilots and leaders. I'm interested for the reason the game model doesn't work very well, and just for the sake of argument I'd like to pick it apart and see how we might (in a perfect world--it isn't going to happen, actually) make it more functional.






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