General Quarters
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Joined: 12/3/2006 Status: offline
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quote:
ORIGINAL: chris0827 quote:
ORIGINAL: General Quarters I agree that it is odd to be able to promote generals at will, which means really on the basis of historical hindsight. But it is hard to provide a historical justification for rules requiring battles or even time in rank. Early on, guys became generals on the basis of some combination of actual military record, reputation, personal presence, ambition, political standing, previous connections, and being in the right place at the right time. Grant was lucky to have a congressman who could get him appointed general and he ended up in charge of the troops in Cairo which were not yet an army but became one. Halleck was given a major department without having seen a shot fired in the CW. Look at Polk, G.W.Smith, Lovell, Pemberton, Toombs, Fremont, Pope (whose father was a judge before whom Lincoln had practiced), McClellan (both a military record and a lot of connections as RR pres, including Lincoln as one of his attorneys), and so on. McClellan did have political conections but not with Lincoln and Lincoln was never his lawyer. They never met before the war. Lincoln defended the Illinois Central Railroad in a lawsuit while McClellan was still in the army. Grant had help from a congressman but his later promotions were due to his war record. All but one of the other generals you mentioned had military experience and only two did not graduate from West Point. They were also either already generals when the major fighting began or became a general shortly afterwards. At the time you had to look at the person's record and hope for the best. No american had ever commanded forces of that size before. The relatively small armies at Bull Run were more than twice the size of any force ever commanded by an american. By the end of 1861 and afterwards almost all generals gaining command of a division or higher had seen combat earlier in the war. Thanks for the correction, Chris. Historians often mention Lincoln's having done work for the Illinois Central, leaving me with a mistaken impression about a connection with McClellan. But my point about McClellan's having pre-war political connections is certainly correct. The following is one example among many (Sears' bio of Mac): "... Buchanan sought authorization for ten new regiments [to go fight the Mormons]. McClellan hurried to Washington to try for a colonelcy and the command of one of them. Early in 1858 he told Samuel Barlow that he had marshaled the support of such prominent senators as Jefferson Davis, Stephen A. Douglas, and John J. Crittenden, and of Vice President John C. Breckinridge; he also expected congressional support from his home state of Pennsylvania." I did not say that these guys had zero military experience. But lots of people had some military experience, but who got the jobs was not based solely on an evaluation of their military records. These other factors played a role. I trust you don't claim they did not.
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